Aquatic Ecosystems and Environmental Frontiers
Aquatic Ecosystems and Environmental Frontiers is a Quarterly Journal dedicated to expanding knowledge on the dynamics, challenges, and management of aquatic ecosystems within environmental science. It includes studies on both freshwater and marine ecology, examining the impacts of climate change, pollution, and human activities on these habitats, alongside strategies for conservation and sustainable management. Published by: Aquatic Ecosystems and Environmental Frontiers ISSN:3049-186X Publication Frequency: 4 Issues per year Publication Language: English Subject: Environmental Science Journal Starting Year: 2023 Publication Mode: Online
Hydrodynamic Profiling of River Systems Using the TELEMAC Two-Dimensional Algorithm
The accurate hydrodynamic profiling of river systems is necessary to understand the dynamics of the flow, flood risk, and sediment transport mechanisms. The study uses the Telemac-2D algorithm to simulate and analyse two-dimensional hydrodynamic behaviour in the environment of a selected river. The model includes the velocity regions, the height of the water surface, and the spatially distributed profiles of the shear tension, including a detailed bathymetry, boundary position, and flow parameters. The finite element approach to Telemac-2D enables the accurate modelling of complex geometric, meander flow, and unstable flow phenomena. Getting a high correlation and a low error matrix, compliance and verification were done using observation discharge and water level data. Simulation results reveal potential areas for significant flow areas, backwater effects, and erosion, and statement, providing valuable insight to flood management, infrastructure plans, and ecological evaluation. The study underlines the effectiveness of TELEMAC-2D as a versatile tool for hydrodynamic analysis in river systems with various topographical and hydraulic complications.
TELEMAC-2D; Hydrodynamic Modelling; River System Profiling; Two-Dimensional Flow Simulation; Velocity Field Analysis; Water Surface Elevation; Sediment Transport; Flood Risk Assessment; Shear Stress Distribution; Riverine Hydrodynamics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aquatic Ecosystems and Environmental Frontiers
Evaluation of Fish Stocks and Sustainable Management of Inland Fish Populations
Inland fisheries (IF) may exhibit diversity, locality, and significant seasonality. This intricacy poses issues for monitoring, resulting in many IF species having little data and being inapplicable to assessment methodologies often used for commercial sea fisheries. Moreover, human influences on ecosystems, the pervasive presence of indigenous species, and the frequent implementation of improvement and rehabilitation strategies, such as stocking, influence stock patterns. This study evaluates Fish Stocks and Sustainable Management of Inland Fish Populations (EFS&SM-IFP). This document delineates diverse stock evaluation and data-gathering methodologies that may be tailored to a broad spectrum of IF and administration issues. This study delineates issues in evaluation while emphasizing realistic, flexible, and transferable solutions.
Inland fishing; Fish Stock; Sustainability; Evaluation; Management
Catchment Hydrology Simulation for Climate Impact Studies Using the SWAT Hydrological Model
Understanding the hydrological response of a catchment under changing climatic conditions is important for permanent water resources planning and management. This study applies soil and water evaluation tools (SWAT) hydrological models to simulate catchment-scale hydrological processes and assess the potential effects of climate change on streamflow, runoff, and evaporation. Historical climate data and estimated landscapes of the Global Climate Model (GCMS) were integrated into the SWAT structure to analyse future hydrological behaviour under various representative concentration pathways (RCPS). Calibration and verification using observation-discharged data revealed strong model performances with high accuracy in reproducing streamflow patterns. The results indicate water yield in response to the estimated temperature and rainfall changes and indicate significant spatial and temporal variations in hydrological extremes. This study highlights the usefulness of SWAT as a strong tool for climate effect analysis, supporting policymakers in developing adaptive strategies for water resource stability in weak catchment areas.
SWAT model; Catchment hydrology; Climate change impact; Hydrological simulation; Water resource management; Streamflow modelling; Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs); Evapotranspiration; Runoff prediction; Watershed analysis.
Aquaponics to Promote Long-Term Food Safety and Water Quality Improvement
An aquaponic system (ApS) combines hydroponics with aquaculture, which is economically and ecologically viable, environmentally friendly, and consumes renewable resources with utmost efficiency. The clear upsurge in ApS technology adoption demonstrates the growing recognition of its ability to address critical global issues such as food safety, water quality improvement (WQI), and farming sustainability, particularly in areas sensitive to climate change (CC) and resource availability. Over the past few years, it has experienced profound advances, with multiple approaches and variants emerging to enhance its usefulness and effectiveness. This paper presents aquaponics as an endeavor to sustain food safety in the long term while improving water quality (ApS-LTFS-WQI). This research meticulously analyzes the application of ApS in pursuing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and food security, considering various factors from system design and technology to peripheral social, economic, and environmental benefits and impacts through research and case studies. Nutrient-rich fish feeds markedly improve the growth of low-nutrient-demanding greens. Ensuring WQI and effective nitrification are essential, facilitated by Internet of Things (IoT) systems. ApS, recognized for its efficacy in augmenting agricultural yields while reducing the consumption of water and debris, is proliferating worldwide, particularly in arid areas.
Aquaponics; Water Quality; SDG; Food Safety; Climate Change; Finance; Sustainable Farming.
Water Quality Prediction in Inland Lakes Using the Streeter Phelps Dissolved Oxygen Algorithm
Maintaining optimal water quality in inland lakes is important for ecological balance, human consumption, and recreational use. This study employs the Streeter-Phelps Dissolved Oxygen (DO) algorithm to predict the dynamics of water quality due to the lack of oxygen and recovery of water from the bottom of organic pollution sources. The algorithm consists of major parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), deoxygenation Rate (K₁), and Rate (K₂), which are used to estimate the spatial and temporal distribution of dissolved oxygen concentrations. Field data of selected inland lakes was integrated into the model to follow the pollution scenarios of the real world. The results reveal oxygen relaxed curve behaviour under different environmental conditions, enabling the identification of important areas for hypoxia. Verification against empirical water quality measurements displays the reliability of the model in the forecast of DO levels and assesses pollution load effects. This modelling structure provides a cost-effective and scientifically sound approach for lake management authorities to evaluate pollution mitigation strategies and ensure the stability of aquatic ecosystems.
Streeter-Phelps Model; Dissolved Oxygen Prediction; Inland Lakes; Water Quality Modelling; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod); Oxygen Sag Curve; Hypoxia; Lake Pollution Assessment; Deoxygenation Rate; Environmental Sustainability.
A Comprehensive Review of the Ecological, Economic, and Cultural Significance of Urban Wetlands and Their Susceptibility
Wetlands are essential components of biological systems that provide several ecological services. Urban Wetland (UW) settings enhance city resilience by enhancing water purity, sequestering carbon, offering homes for animals, mitigating heat-island (HI) impacts, and offering recreational possibilities. Nonetheless, the preservation of UW environments encounters several obstacles, including diminished hydrological processes, altered water cycles resulting from barriers, pollution from waterways, habitat degradation owing to land-use changes, and biodiversity decline due to the introduction of invasive species. The article examines the theoretical framework of UW, including its ecological, economic, and cultural significance (EECS) and susceptibility. This biodiversity governs the local environment, carbon storage, fuelwood supply, fishery-related enterprises, and other ecological, social, and economic factors. Furthermore, UW provides other biological functions, such as preserving the purity of water via sedimentation and nutrient retention. Globally, wetlands face several challenges, both man-made and natural.
Urban Wetland; Ecological; Economic; Susceptibility; Biodiversity; Cultural factors.
Fish Habitat Suitability Evaluation Through Habitat Evaluation Procedure Modelling
It is necessary to assess the suitability of aquatic houses for effective protection and resource management of the fish population. This study uses the housing evaluation process (HEP) modelling approach to evaluate the suitability of fish habitat in various environmental parameters, including water depth, velocity, substrate type, and cover availability. The HEP model integrates the residence suitability index (HSI) values with the located ecological data to determine the quality and range of houses for targeted fish species. By applying this method to a selected river system, important areas of high and low residence suitability were identified, which provide a quantitative basis for the restoration of habitat, reproduction of species, and flow regulation. The model results were valid against field observations and figures of fish appearance, showing strong compromise and future reliability. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of hep modelling as a decision-support tool in fisheries management and ecological monitoring, contributing to the protection of aquatic biodiversity in the ecosystem of freshwater.
Fish Habitat Suitability; Habitat Evaluation Procedure (Hep); Habitat Suitability Index (Hsi); Ecological Modelling; Riverine Ecosystems; Fish Conservation; Environmental Parameters; Species Distribution; Habitat Assessment Fisheries Management.
Tidal Flow Pattern Analysis in Estuarine Ecosystems Using Delft3D Simulation Algorithm
The dynamics of the tidal Flow play an important role in shaping the physical, chemical, and ecological characteristics of the Estuarine ecosystem. This study applies the DELFT3D simulation algorithm to analyse and model the spatial and temporal variability of tidal currents in a selected Estuarine environment. Capturing the interaction between the simulation tidal forces, river discharge, and bathymetric features by integrating hydrodynamic modelling with observed boundary conditions. The results reveal the vital insight into the flow inequality, residual currents, and sediment transport mechanisms that directly affect the Estuarine morphology and ecological stability. The model was validated using the water level and current velocity, which demonstrates high accuracy in reproducing tidal dimensions and stages. In addition, the study explores the effect of seasonal variability and anthropological modifications on the Navy behaviour, which highlights the sensitivity of Estuarine systems for both natural and human-inspired changes. Conclusions contribute to the understanding and management of Estuarine hydrodynamics, which support permanent coastal development and housing protection.
Tidal Flow Dynamics; Estuarine Ecosystems; Delft3d Algorithm; Hydrodynamic Modelling; Flow Asymmetry; Residual Currents; Sediment Transport; Coastal Management; Model Validation; Environmental Impact.
Prediction of Groundwater from Principal Hydrological Elements Utilizing Vision Transformer
Groundwater levels (GL) monitoring is an essential aspect of the hydrological cycle, and it serves as an indicator for various resource management methods in a watershed. Predominant techniques have shown that GL can be predicted for any geographic region if sufficient data exists for computation through sophisticated algorithms. One of the major issues in water governance is the lack of reliable and complete data for estimating and studying the GL decline trend. Hence, using reliable artificial intelligence (AI) models known for low informational needs and high prediction accuracy is more practical. This research aims to estimate groundwater prediction using a Vision Transformer (VTf) based on principal hydrological elements (PHE). PHE from 2017 to 2024 included flow level, velocity, rainfall, humidity level, average temperature, transpiration, and warm days. Traditional deep learning (DL) models need a fixed size of data, which greatly restricts their flexibility to analyze data of varying scales; hence, they fail to capture persistent dependencies. Overcoming these constraints is where VTf excels through the use of the Individual Attention Mechanism (IAM) of the transformer concept. VTf gives the best results when estimating GL to achieve the best accuracy.
Groundwater; Hydrology; Elements; Vision Transformer; Individual Attention Mechanisms.
Effects of Excessive Fishing on Coral Reef Ecosystems and Biodiversity
Coral reef ecosystems and biodiversity (CRE&B) are vital for humid and semi-tropical coastal populations, small-island emerging economies, and native people since they offer essential ecological services, including food supply, economic possibilities, carbon storage, and storm shelter. Excessive fishing may significantly destabilize CRE&B globally while gathering at acceptable levels can enhance fish yields without harming CRE. The dispersion capabilities of CRE organisms result in densely interconnected CRE&B of reef fisheries relying on geographically explicit mechanisms, including the ripple effect and illegal fishing inside ocean-safeguarded zones. Nevertheless, a significant portion of the work about CRE&B preservation and governance has mostly focused on excessive fishing at a regional level, neglecting the impact of varying geographical trends in fishing intensity on reef ecology at territorial and local scales. A linked human-ecology framework has been developed to assess the responses of CRE and vegetarian reef-associated fish to excessive aquaculture at various geographical scales. Coral and reef-associated species exhibit contrasting responses to habitat destruction caused by excessive fishing, and a possible spillover impact from marine protection zones into excessively fished regions benefits coral species far less than it does for reef fish
Coral Reef; Biodiversity; Excessive Fishing; Ecosystem; Human-Ecology; Geography
Ecohydrological Zonation in Mountainous Watersheds Based on the TOPMODEL Algorithm
Ecohydrological processes in mountainous watersheds are complex due to steep elevation gradients, diverse soil types, and climatic influences on snowmelt and vegetation growth. This study uses a SIMTOP model to simulate runoff and hydrological partitioning within the NCAR Community Land Model CLM 2.0 to showcase an ecohydrological zonation in mountain regions. SIMTOP modifies classical TOPMODEL by (1) using an exponential function to estimate fractional saturation in steep slopes' topographic index distribution, and (2) modeling subsurface runoff as a water table depth function using minimal parameters to allow global use. Validation on both watershed (Sleepers River, USA) and global (UNH-GRDC) scales showed greater runoff simulation than baseline models. In order to capture ecohydrological behavior, 3-meter time-series Planet Scope NDVI images from the East River Watershed were analyzed using unsupervised machine learning, which can classify images without prior knowledge of patterns. Clustering identified regions characterized by distinct interactions between snowmelt and vegetation, which were greatly impacted by microtopographic features. In low-slope, high TWI zones, there was enhanced plant productivity followed by quick senescence at low moisture, especially in forb-dominated regions. In contrast, high slope, low TWI zones with sagebrush had diminished productivity. Furthermore, flood-prone basins within the Central Sudetes, Poland, were modeled using the TOPMODEL approach coupled with Monte Carlo calibration. Notably, the model exhibited considerable skill (NSE = 0.78) in about half of the catchments, highlighting its responsiveness to the duration of input data and catchment features. These findings in combination illustrate that ecohydrological zonation based on TOPMODEL and high-resolution remote sensing significantly enhances the understanding of vegetation–hydrology–topography interactions and helps to pinpoint ecologically sensitive regions in mountainous terrains.
TOPMODEL; Ecohydrological Zonation; Mountainous Watersheds; Remote Sensing (NDVI); Runoff Simulation.
Nutrient Runoff Assessment in Agricultural Lands Using the MIKE SHE Simulation Framework
Accurate assessment of nutrient runoff in farming regions is crucial for managing watersheds and preserving water quality. This study uses the MIKE SHE integrated hydrological modeling system to simulate and evaluate the nutrient runoff behavior across agricultural watersheds with different land uses and climate conditions. The model was calibrated and validated against long-term hydrometeorological and water quality datasets, thus assuring its reliability in modeling surface runoff, subsurface flow, and nutrient transport. Historical climate data from 1980 to 2020, along with land use change, were evaluated for their impacts on nutrient exports using a combination of runoff reduction techniques and spatial regression. Findings indicate that intensively fertilized zones are major contributors to nitrate and phosphorus loading, especially during the peak rainfall season. Analyses of various scenarios show that certain land use changes, such as converting forests and wetlands to farmland, dramatically increase nutrient runoff, while some conservation measures, notably the implementation of buffer strips and wetland restoration, should reduce hydrological nutrient export. In addition, the results demonstrated that the projected impacts of climate change worsen nutrient loss through runoff as a result of intensified precipitation and increased soil saturation. The MIKE SHE system works well for understanding the interplay of water, nutrients, and biological systems as it relates to nutrient pollution. This makes it helpful in evaluating policies and managing programs aimed at agricultural watershed nutrient pollution.
Nutrient Runoff; Mike She Model; Agricultural Lands; Hydrologic Simulation; Water Quality Assessment.
Impact of Climate Change on Freshwater Biodiversity in Tropical River Ecosystems
Climate change (CC) arises from the augmentation of greenhouse gas (GHG) environmental emissions due to diverse human activities. The decomposition of CO2, which constitutes the predominant proportion of GHG contributing to global warming, jeopardizes the continuity of life on the planet. The changing climate is critically significant due to its substantial effects on water supplies and the agricultural sector. CC impacts impose intricate pressures on aquatic life and ecological aquatic ecosystems. Alterations in the water's temperature modify aquatic creatures’ metabolic processes and physiology, influencing the growth, reproductive capacity, feeding habits, shipping, immigration, and population density of fish and other marine creatures.
Climate Change; Freshwater; Biodiversity; River
Predicting River Basin Flood Risk Through the HEC HMS Hydrologic Modeling Algorithm
This research utilizes the Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) to assess and forecast flood risks in a river basin by incorporating rainfall-runoff interactions, watershed attributes, and land use changes. The model was fine-tuned using historical rainfall and streamflow data, resulting in a high level of precision in predicting peak discharge and estimating runoff volumes. Significant factors contributing to flood occurrence, such as the growth of impervious surfaces and the intensity of precipitation, were examined to pinpoint areas at high risk. The findings illustrate the model’s effectiveness in supporting early warning systems and informing flood mitigation efforts. This research highlights the value of HEC-HMS in practical flood risk evaluation and adaptive watershed management in the face of shifting climatic conditions. The function of surface water storage in small and numerous depressions within the landscape, like wetlands and other small water bodies, is neglected in traditional hydrologic modeling techniques. We do not have any data proving how the absence of these features leads to inaccurate model predictions and a lack of understanding of hydrologic dynamics in the world's major river basins.
HEC-HMS; Flood Risk Prediction; Hydrologic Modeling; River Basin Management; Rainfall–Runoff Simulation.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of River Health Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning Approaches
Disclosing the spatiotemporal (ST) fluctuations of nutrients in coastal waters is essential for comprehending and assessing the coastal environment, consequently offering practical recommendations for aquatic restoration. This study introduced a Machine Learning (ML) that integrates ST data, facilitating the establishment of quantitative connections between determined external variables and extensive satellite imagery, while reducing estimation errors exceeding 40% compared to traditional ML models lacking ST integration. The ST patterns of Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) and Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus (DIP) throughout 45000 km² of the Sea were acquired on an 8-day interval. The ST variations illustrated the water quality trends, revealing fluctuations of two critical nutrients in harbors affected by complex anthropogenic impacts, typical waterways with multiple river components, and open oceans with significant fisheries. Despite a 25% and 20% reduction in DIN and DIP concentrations over nine years, the inshore ocean's water condition has not improved, particularly during fall and winter. The research conducted a quantitative analysis of the primary causes of water degradation and offered scientific recommendations for focused surveillance and regional cooperation in governance.
Spatiotemporal Analysis; River Health; Remote Sensing; Machine Learning.
Development of Integrated Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) for Sustainable Inland Fish Farming
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) are a creative method of ecologically friendly fish farming that provides a valuable substitute to satisfy the growing worldwide demand for seafood and reduces environmental effects. Unlike conventional aquaculture systems, these closed-loop systems recycle and reuse water, lowering water use by up to 99%. RAS lowers the risk of disease transmission, escapement, and pollution by separating farmed fish from natural populations and their surroundings. Advanced RAS provides perfect water purity for fish growth by using mechanical, biological, and disinfecting filters and other methods. Many species, particularly predatory finfish, benefit from this increased degree of control to be grown far from coastal regions. Including aquaponics inside RAS allows one to design an ecologically friendly closed-loop system by growing premium vegetables and herbs using nutrient-dense wastewater. RAS has shown consistent profitability and the potential for significant gains, even with a larger initial investment required. RAS enhances neighborhood economic development by supporting "in-sourced" projects and local job creation, reducing the carbon footprint related to the global fish trade. As aquaculture technology advances, RAS are positioned to play a significant role in guaranteeing the long-term survival of the aquaculture process. Combining technological developments with conservation efforts allows RAS to provide a sensible approach to fulfill the increasing global demand for fisheries while maintaining the integrity of the aquatic habitats.
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems; Fish Farming; Sustainable; Aquaculture
Groundwater Flow Simulation in Coastal Aquifers Using the MODFLOW Algorithm
The over-extraction and saltwater intrusion of coastal aquifers is a growing problem that threatens the availability of freshwater for agriculture, industry, and domestic purposes. For effective, sustainable management of groundwater resources, it is necessary to understand and predict the complex dynamics of groundwater flow in these systems. This study is focused on simulating three-dimensional flow behavior in a representative coastal aquifer using the MODFLOW algorithm, a modular finite-difference groundwater flow model developed by the USGS. The model simulates key hydrogeological parameters, including hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, aquifer stratification, and boundary conditions, and is calibrated using observed groundwater head data from monitoring wells."Special attention is given to the freshwater–saltwater interface modeling with the SEAWAT package that accounts for variable-density flow, which is compatible with MODFLOW. Results showed that pumping near the coast changes the flow direction while accelerating saltwater intrusion. However, enhancement of recharge and optimization of well-field positioning inland can alleviate these risks. The simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of MODFLOW as a decision support tool in the management of coastal groundwater resources by predicting various scenarios of aquifer sustainability with differing recharge and pumping rates.
MODFLOW; Coastal Aquifer; Groundwater Modeling; Saltwater Intrusion; Variable-Density Flow Simulation.
Hydrological Modeling of Urban Watersheds to Predict Flood Risks Under Extreme Rainfall Events
Hydrological Models (HM) effectively quantify water flow and distribution at regional and watershed scales. They have been used to model the relationship between precipitation and runoff. They assist urban planners and hydrological experts examine the intricate interaction between runoff and rainfall at various catchment and metropolitan scales. The transportation of water is a crucial issue, particularly on land. This study evaluates various HM research across many contexts, including geographic analysis within the Watershed Modelling Scheme (WMS). It aims to focus only on the essential aspects of Hydrology and HM to examine water within a watershed. This paper provides a foundational comprehension of the empirical hydrological techniques used to quantify runoff and a concise overview of two-dimensional methodologies. The study determined that Hydrology Modelling is predicated on a) Loss Techniques, b) Direct Run-off, and c) Two-Dimensional approaches. This analysis determined that the widely used hydrology models in various situations are the Hydrologic Engineering Center-HM Software (HEC-HMS) and the Soil Water Analysis Tool (SWAT). The HEC-River Analysis Systems (HEC-RAS) is crucial for evaluating flood management strategies in hydraulic water depth (ID) and 2D modeling. Hydrological models emerged as a primary tool for assessing flood danger in assessed and ungauged basins.
Hydrological Modeling; Urban Watersheds; Flood Risks; Rainfall.
Integrated Watershed Management Using the SWAT Algorithm for Sediment and Nutrient Transport
To develop an effective watershed management strategy, it is important to understand how the processes of sediment transport and nutrient transport affect water quality and the balance of the ecosystem. This study uses the SWAT system (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), which is a semi-distributed and physically based hydrological model, to analyze and simulate the processes of sediment and nutrient transport for integrated watershed management practices. The SWAT model is able to predict runoff, erosion, and nutrient transport cycles based upon land characteristics and climatic factors as long as the appropriate land use patterns, topography, soil information, and climate data are spatially and temporally integrated. The model was calibrated and validated using existing hydrology and water quality datasets from a nearby adjacent watershed utilized for this study, and gave reasonable results where field data were available. The model then enabled simulations to identify critical source areas related to excessive sedimentation and nutrient loading; therefore, areas where implementing agricultural best management practices (BMPs) described in Section 5: buffer strips, reforestation, and precision fertilizer application would be desirable. This study emphasizes the need for developing and planning policies strategically guided by modelling tools as part of decision support systems used to inform regulations for sustainable land and water resources management and to protect and promote watershed resilience.
SWAT Model; Watershed Management; Sediment Transport; Nutrient Loading; Best Management Practices (BMPS).
Evaluating Microplastic Pollution in Coastal Waters and Its Impact on Aquatic Food Webs
The objective was to delineate a methodology to investigate the correlation between spatio-temporal variations in habitat usage, feeding ecosystems, and microplastics (MPs) contamination throughout various ontogenetic stages of fish from various trophic stages inhabiting the aquatic food web. The sedimentary layer of the river was analyzed for the annual and regional fluctuation of MPs and their relationship to the pollution of zooplankton and demersal varieties of fish, according to the same sample methodology. The concentration of MPs in the water column influences their bioavailability. Attention is being paid to research on the geographic distribution of MPs and the geographical and temporal variations in ecological factors and fauna, which is rising in both number and quality. Should the environmental methods delineated in this research be repeated in other estuaries, comparative analyses might elucidate the functioning of communities. Established techniques for sampling, removal, counting, and categorizing MPs and other pollutants consumed by fish are being established and described below to facilitate comparability. Standardized and consistent sample designs and lab procedures are essential for developing and disseminating management solutions across several locations and for temporal comparisons within the same ecosystem.
Microplastic; Coastal; Aquatic Food Web; Pollution
The Impact of Aquatic Ecosystem Degradation on Human Health: A Comprehensive Study of Water Quality, Biodiversity, and Disease Transmission
The aquatic ecosystem contains the relationship between human health and water quality, it is the necessary approach for water management policies and diseases. The main waterborne diseases are mostly affected by developing countries in terms of land use, malaria, and cholera. The effects of to increasing water and scarcity related to the human health under the relationship between the dams and waterborne disease in developed countries. The impaired water purification process through the loss of biodiversity causes the ecosystem to increase the other types of pollutants. More than 80% of sewages are generated by human activities with oceans and rivers without have any treatment. The impacts of water pollution related to human health included regional, age, gender, and other differences. The government takes action through water management interventions carried out to improve the water quality and water pollution impacts human health.
Water Quality; Waterborne Disease; Ecosystem Services; Human Health; Climate Change; And Public Health.
Copyright (c) 2024 Aquatic Ecosystems and Environmental Frontiers
Fish Migration Patterns in Riverine Ecosystems A Telemetry Study
The narrow channel gives fixed reference focuses to moving fish, and waterways' unidirectional stream gives a strong orientational sign. Inside a dendritic stream framework, there might be significant geological and fleeting variety in the physical and synthetic qualities of the stream, which could be confusing to migrants but also aid in branch recognition. In the end, migration in rivers must have both an upstream and a downstream component. Early life-history phases typically exhibit the former, albeit not always, and vice versa. Upstream migration might occur during the day or at night. Despite its enormous potential, telemetry is currently neglected in the field of fish habitat study and management. We propose this is because telemetry data and management decisions frequently differ in scale, and fish telemetry initiatives are frequently designed to identify fish movement rather than systematically assessing habitat selection.
Seagrass Bed Ecology: Exploring the Relationship Between Seagrass, Epiphytes and Fauna
One of the most significant coastal ecosystems in both tropical and temperate climates is the seagrass bed ecosystem. This ecosystem is widespread and frequently dominates the environment in shallow-water coastal areas. Large-scale detritus production, sediment stabilization, a diverse range of floral and faunal groups, and high primary and secondary productivity are all well-known characteristics of this ecosystem. Seagrass beds are essential coastal ecosystems that support high biodiversity levels and provide essential ecosystem services like carbon sequestration, nitrogen cycling, and habitat provision. The organisms known as epiphytes, which grow on the seagrass's surface and affect trophic connections and the overall functioning of the ecosystem, are crucial components of these ecosystems. These creatures include algae, bacteria, and invertebrates. Seagrass bed ecology research looks at the complex relationships between seagrass and allied epiphytes and fauna, with a focus on their ecological roles, interdependencies, and effects on seagrass productivity and health. Seagrass beds are thought to indirectly support fisheries in addition to these essential roles by providing organic matter that is incorporated into coastal nutrient cycles and encouraging secondary production, which includes fishing species.
Analysis and Assessment of Freshwater Biodiversity-Based Sustainable Conservation Strategies
Freshwater biodiversity is vital for maintaining ecosystem services and global ecological balance. However, unsustainable exploitation and climate change threaten its survival. Existing conservation methods often focus on isolated species or habitats, neglecting the interconnected dynamics of ecosystems and failing to address long-term sustainability. This study proposes a Biodiversity-based Sustainable Conservation (BD-SC) framework, integrating ecological, social, and economic factors for holistic freshwater biodiversity conservation. The BD-SC framework employs advanced geospatial analysis, predictive modeling, and stakeholder-driven decision-making to address gaps in ecosystem-wide preservation. By applying this framework to key freshwater ecosystems, the study demonstrates its ability to enhance habitat protection, improve species resilience, and promote adaptive conservation practices. Findings indicate a 25% improvement in biodiversity indices and strengthened ecosystem stability, underscoring the framework's potential for global freshwater conservation efforts. This approach establishes a pathway for balancing conservation goals with sustainable human activities.
Freshwater; Biodiversity; Sustainable; Conservation; Ecosystem.
A Systematic Review of Aquaculture Wastewater Treatment Technologies: Contaminations, Effects and Treatment Techniques
Aquaculture (AC) is the primary solution to global food scarcity. With the rise in world population, the need for AC escalates. The growth in fish feed, pharmaceuticals, substances, and the metabolic waste or deaths of aquatic species ultimately leads to the generation of substantial AC effluent. AC discharges comprise many pollutants, including conventional contaminants, organic substances, toxic metals, and biological chemicals, resulting in occupational dangers, food security concerns, and environmental damage. Adequate Wastewater (WW) treatment techniques are essential for eliminating dangerous contaminants to mitigate environmental and human safety effects. In circulating AC facilities, various natural and physical processes have been employed to eliminate impurities from AC-WW; their efficacy in pollutant removal necessitates further enhancement to attain zero-waste release and promote viable AC growth. Effective regulation must be instituted to guarantee the proper functioning of the AC sectors and the compliant discharge of effluent. This review seeks to furnish exhaustive data on AC-WW for academics and encourage AC's sustainable advancement.
Aquaculture; Wastewater; Contaminations; Treatment.
Exploring The Potential of Aquatic Plants for Bioremediation and Ecological Restoration
Almost all of the dry substance that is integrated into the construction of cell walls and protoplasm during growth comes from food. The majority of food types ingested in the formation of cell walls are carbohydrates, whereas the majority of food types processed in the union of cellular components are proteinaceous. Separation is another aspect of development that comes in several forms and occurs before, during, and after cell division and growth. The physiological separation of the cellular material precedes the division of a cell. This physiological separation persists throughout the phone's development, initially supported by size and form separation, which typically occurs during the phone's expansion phase, and then by primary and synthetic separation of the phone. A plant's essential tissues improve as a result of essential development, which begins in the apical stem and root meristem. It also explains the overall growth in the length of the plant hub at the tips of the stem and roots and prolongs the expanding arrangement of the stems, root hairs, leaves, and botanical parts.
Aquaculture; Aquatic Plants; Water Pollution; Ecology.
Investigating the Impact of Aquatic Pollution on Human Health and Wellbeing
The way society has interacted with land and water has been essential to human survival for eons. Among the five elements—earth, fire, air, space, and water—fresh water is one of the most essential for maintaining human existence and is therefore highly valued, venerated, and treated with the utmost reverence. We learned to revere nature from our Indian culture and ancestry. Recognizing our reliance on the ecosystem is a prerequisite for worshiping nature. Living in harmony with nature was the guiding principle of people's social lives. The idea of protecting the environment is not new; it has existed since the beginning of time and was considered a sacred obligation of all people to preserve plants, trees, and water. It was once believed that man and the environment were linked. One way to achieve human rights standards is through environmental conservation. A deteriorated physical environment is a direct cause of violations of people's rights to life, health, and livelihood. The goals of environmental preservation and conservation can be effectively attained through the legal protection of human rights. Therefore, a society and political order where rights are fully realized would increase the likelihood that environmental protection claims will be upheld.
Aquaculture; Human Health; Water Pollution; Diseases.
Micro Plastic Pollution in Freshwater Ecosystems: Sources, Fate and Effects
Concern over microplastic particles smaller than 5 mm is growing, particularly in aquatic areas like the ocean. Primary sources include fiber fragments from clothing washing and microbeads (less than 1 mm) found in cleaning products and cosmetics, while secondary sources include decomposing plastic waste and detritus. Polyesters, Polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyethylene (PE) make up the majority of these particles. They can enter human food chains through a variety of routes and are consumed by a large range of aquatic creatures, including fish, shrimp, mussels, oysters, and zooplanktons. Policymakers, corporations, and scientists are placing a greater emphasis on understanding and controlling plastic pollution. However, rivers are both a potential sink that can accumulate plastic from various sources and the main source of Marine environment plastic pollution. Although reducing the amount of microplastics in rivers is essential for protecting freshwater and marine habitats, little is known about the possible sources, routes, and storage of this pollution. Our study examines the variations between microplastics estimated from litter rates and those reported in freshwater and marine habitats.
Freshwater Ecosystem; Microplastics; Source; Fate; Effects
Current Trends and Future Path Analysis of Coral Reef Restoration: A Systematic Review and Analysis
The Coral Reefs (CR) have suffered significant damage due to both local and international stresses, prompting the use of several proactive restoration approaches to rehabilitate degraded corals. Summarizing recovery activities comprehensively is challenging due to inconsistent reporting. This research examines the legislative structure for CR rehabilitation, which is part of the goal of two government agencies (Marine Industries and Fishery and Environmental and Forests) and includes national laws and federal, presidential, and ministry directives. The research comprehensively analyzes CR Restoration (CRR) initiatives, cataloging 530 entries nationwide from 2000 to 2023. Most (72%) of these records originate from the last decade, with a significant portion (40%) documented in online news items instead of scholarly studies or publications. This analysis documented 120k synthetic CR units erected, alongside 53k coral transplanting units (comprising both coral nursery and straight out-planting onto corals); 965k pieces of hard coral had been established. Concrete (45%) and steel buildings (23%) are the preferred restoration elements. Projects are coordinated by various governmental, non-governmental, business, and community-based organizations. This review indicates that the rules have facilitated a variety of practitioners in executing CRR; however, projects frequently lack coordination with broader networks of restoring professionals or researchers, and merely 15% of the discovered projects incorporated a post-installation tracking structure. Integrating specific goals and sustained monitoring programs during project development while emphasizing information exchange and collaboration with the global scientific society can significantly enhance restoration results. This will enable the nation to realize its significant capacity as an international leader in restoring devastated CRs.
Coral Reef; Restoration; Review; Aquaculture.
Aquatic Plant – Insect Interactions: A Study of Water Lily – Epollinator Systems
Aquatic plants contribute significantly to the structure, function, and service delivery of aquatic ecosystems and fulfill a variety of ecological tasks. Numerous aquatic plant species are used or may be used for a variety of tasks, including water purification, soil improvement, building materials, fuel, and feed. Finding methods to regulate such flora by harvesting and using it is desirable because some of these plants can also be an annoyance to water transportation, fisheries, or water supply systems. There are about 100 species of water lilies in the Nymphaeales order, and they all develop into aquatic plants. In addition to being commercial crops, the majority of them have long been revered as cultural icons, particularly in Buddhism and Hinduism. In evolutionary biology, the water lily order plays crucial roles as an early angiosperm branch. The Nymphaeaceae are rhizomatous, aquatic, annual or perennial herbs. The family is further distinguished by the presence of latex, which typically has prominent, stellate-branched sclereids protruding into the air canals, and the dispersed vascular bundles in the stems. Simple hairs typically produce mucilage. This study proposes the water lily – epollinator systems.
Aquatic Plants; Water Lily; Nymphaeaceae.